Thermal properties of spray-dried cellulose nanofibril-reinforced polypropylene composites from extrusion-based additive manufacturing
Published: 2018
Palmer, J.
Tajvidi, M.
Gardner, D. J.
Han, Y.
Publication Name: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Publication URL: https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10080718
Abstract:
Polypropylene block copolymer (PPco) is easier to process in extrusion-based additive manufacturing compared to iso- tactic PP homopolymer because it shrinks and warps less during printing. This study investigated the thermal properties of PPco and spray-dried CNF (SDCNF)-PPco composite pellet formulations. Thermogravimetric analysis data showed that the addition of SDCNF lowered the thermal degradation onset temperature and increased the residual mass content (at 450 °C) of PPco pellets. The peak degradation temperatures of SDCNF and PPco remained the same. The peak crystal- lization temperature and relative crystallinity of PPco were increased by the addition of SDCNF and MAPP. The peak melting temperature of PPco was not significantly changed. Printed specimens showed three melting peaks (b, b0 and a crystals) while injection molded PPco only showed one (a crystal) melting peak. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the heat deflection temperatures of printed SDCNF-PPco composites were higher than injection molded PPco. SEM micrographs showed that the addition of SDCNF increased the number of voids inside the printed parts.